BEIJING, March 1 -- China's solar cell output maintained robust growth in 2023, official data showed Wednesday.

In 2023, China's solar cell output surged 54 percent year on year to 540 million kilowatts, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).

The country's power generation from clean energy sources, including hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, and solar power, rose 7.8 percent year on year to 31,906 billion kilowatt-hours in 2023.

By the end of 2023, China's total installed power generation capacity had reached 2,919.65 million kilowatts, up 13.9 percent year on year.

Of the total, thermal power capacity stood at 1,390.32 million kilowatts, up 4.1 percent; hydropower capacity was 421.54 million kilowatts, up 1.8 percent; nuclear power capacity was 56.91 million kilowatts, up 2.4 percent; on-grid wind power capacity was 441.34 million kilowatts, up 20.7 percent; and on-grid solar power capacity was 609.49 million kilowatts, up 55.2 percent.

Preliminary calculations showed that China's total energy consumption reached 5.72 billion tonnes of standard coal equivalent in 2023, up 5.7 percent year on year.

Coal consumption increased by 5.6 percent, crude oil consumption increased by 9.1 percent, natural gas consumption increased by 7.2 percent, and electricity consumption increased by 6.7 percent.

Coal consumption accounted for 55.3 percent of the total energy consumption, down 0.7 percentage points year on year. Clean energy consumption, including natural gas, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, and solar power, accounted for 26.4 percent of the total, up 0.4 percentage points.

The comprehensive energy consumption per unit of calcium carbide in key energy-consuming industrial enterprises decreased by 0.8 percent, while that per unit of synthetic ammonia increased by 0.9 percent, per tonne of steel increased by 1.6 percent, per unit of electrolytic aluminum decreased by 0.1 percent, and the coal consumption per kilowatt-hour of thermal power generation decreased by 0.2 percent.

After deducting raw material energy consumption and non-fossil energy consumption, China's energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP decreased by 0.5 percent year on year.

The carbon emission quotas in China's national carbon market reached 212 million tonnes, with 14.44 billion yuan.